A hemispherical head is the “half-sphere” end cap used on pressure vessels when pressure gets serious. This blog breaks down what it is, why the spherical shape spreads stress so evenly, where it’s commonly used (reactors, high-pressure tanks, heat exchangers), and why it often outperforms elliptical or torispherical heads. You’ll also learn the real trade-off: hemispherical heads can reduce required thickness and improve safety margins, but they cost more to form, weld, and inspect—especially at large diameters. If you’re choosing vessel heads for a project, this guide helps you understand when the half-sphere is worth the premium.